Mercedes Vito AdBlue: The Ultimate Troubleshooting Guide
Mercedes Vito Adblue: The Ultimate Troubleshooting Guide. This guide from CARDIAGTECH.NET helps Mercedes Vito owners and mechanics understand AdBlue systems, identify potential issues, and find effective solutions. Explore AdBlue system errors and diagnostics, and discover how to boost your repair capabilities.
1. Understanding the Mercedes Vito AdBlue System
The Mercedes-Benz Vito, known for its reliability and efficiency, utilizes AdBlue technology to meet stringent emission standards. AdBlue, also known as Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF), plays a crucial role in reducing harmful nitrogen oxides (NOx) from the vehicle’s exhaust.
AdBlue is a non-toxic solution composed of urea and deionized water. When injected into the exhaust system, it reacts with NOx in the catalytic converter, converting it into harmless nitrogen and water. This process, known as Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR), significantly lowers the vehicle’s environmental impact. According to the EPA, SCR systems can reduce NOx emissions by up to 90%.
The key components of the Mercedes Vito AdBlue system include:
- AdBlue Tank: Stores the AdBlue fluid.
- AdBlue Injector: Sprays AdBlue into the exhaust stream.
- SCR Catalytic Converter: Facilitates the chemical reaction to reduce NOx.
- NOx Sensors: Monitors NOx levels in the exhaust.
- Control Unit: Manages the entire AdBlue system.
Proper functioning of each component is essential for maintaining the vehicle’s emission standards and avoiding potential issues. CARDIAGTECH.NET offers advanced diagnostic tools that can help you identify and address problems within the AdBlue system, ensuring optimal performance and compliance.
2. Common Mercedes Vito AdBlue Problems
Several common issues can arise with the Mercedes Vito AdBlue system. Recognizing these problems early can save time and money on repairs.
Problem | Description | Possible Causes |
---|---|---|
Low AdBlue Level Warning | Indicates that the AdBlue tank is running low and needs to be refilled. | Insufficient AdBlue in the tank. |
AdBlue System Malfunction | A general warning light indicating an issue within the AdBlue system. | Faulty NOx sensor, malfunctioning AdBlue injector, or problems with the control unit. |
Incorrect AdBlue Quality | The system detects that the AdBlue fluid does not meet the required specifications. | Contaminated or expired AdBlue fluid. |
Crystallization | AdBlue can crystallize, especially in colder temperatures, leading to blockages in the system. | Infrequent use of the AdBlue system or exposure to cold weather. |
Sensor Failure | NOx sensors can fail, providing inaccurate readings to the control unit. | Normal wear and tear, exposure to extreme temperatures, or electrical issues. |
Pump Failures | The AdBlue pump may fail, preventing the fluid from being injected into the exhaust system. | High mileage, contamination, or electrical malfunctions. |
Clogged Injectors | AdBlue injectors can become clogged due to impurities or crystallization, affecting the spray pattern and efficiency. | Poor quality AdBlue fluid, infrequent use, or contamination. |
Heater Malfunctions | The AdBlue tank or lines may have heaters to prevent freezing in cold weather. Malfunctions can lead to system failures. | Electrical faults, failed thermostat, or physical damage to the heating elements. |
Communication Issues | Problems with the CAN bus communication network can disrupt the signals between the various AdBlue system components and the engine control unit (ECU). | Wiring harness damage, faulty connectors, or ECU issues. |
Software Glitches | Occasionally, software errors within the AdBlue control module can trigger false alarms or operational problems. | Corrupted software, need for updates, or conflicts with other vehicle systems. |
Pressure Problems | Maintaining the correct pressure within the AdBlue injection system is critical; deviations can lead to inefficient operation. | Faulty pressure sensors, pump issues, or blockages in the lines. |
Level Sensor Errors | Inaccurate readings from the AdBlue tank level sensor can cause premature warnings or prevent the system from recognizing a refill. | Sensor failure, wiring issues, or debris affecting sensor operation. |
Faulty Dosing Valve | The dosing valve controls the amount of AdBlue injected; a faulty valve can result in over or under-dosing. | Electrical issues, mechanical wear, or contamination. |
Air in the System | Air bubbles can disrupt the flow of AdBlue, affecting the system’s ability to correctly meter the fluid. | Improper filling procedures or leaks in the system. |
Contamination from Outside | Dirt, debris, or other fluids accidentally introduced into the AdBlue tank can compromise the system’s integrity. | Negligence during refills or damage to the tank and its components. |
Age-Related Degradation | Over time, the AdBlue system’s components can degrade, leading to reduced performance and increased failure rates. | General wear and tear, especially in vehicles with high mileage. |
Aftermarket Modifications | Installation of non-approved aftermarket parts can cause compatibility issues and system malfunctions. | Using parts that do not meet Mercedes-Benz specifications. |
Electrical Short Circuits | Short circuits in the AdBlue system’s wiring can cause components to fail or function erratically. | Damaged wiring, corrosion, or improper installations. |
Frozen AdBlue Fluid | In extremely cold conditions, AdBlue can freeze, blocking the system. | Inadequate heating of the AdBlue tank and lines in sub-zero temperatures. |
Blocked Filters | AdBlue systems often have filters to prevent impurities from entering the injector; these filters can become blocked. | Accumulation of contaminants from low-quality AdBlue or debris in the tank. |
3. Diagnosing Mercedes Vito AdBlue Issues
Accurate diagnosis is essential for resolving AdBlue system problems. Here’s how to approach the diagnostic process:
3.1. Visual Inspection
Begin with a thorough visual inspection of the AdBlue system:
- Check the AdBlue tank for any signs of damage or leaks.
- Inspect the AdBlue injector and lines for crystallization or blockages.
- Examine the NOx sensors for any physical damage.
3.2. Using Diagnostic Tools
Advanced diagnostic tools, such as those available at CARDIAGTECH.NET, can provide valuable insights into the AdBlue system.
- Read Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs): Use a diagnostic scanner to retrieve any stored DTCs related to the AdBlue system. Common codes include P20EE (SCR NOx Catalyst Efficiency Below Threshold) and P204F (Reductant System Performance).
- Live Data Monitoring: Monitor live data from the NOx sensors, AdBlue injector, and other components to identify any anomalies.
- Actuator Tests: Perform actuator tests to check the functionality of the AdBlue injector and other actuators.
3.3. Step-by-Step Diagnostic Procedures
Follow these steps to diagnose specific AdBlue issues:
- Low AdBlue Level Warning:
- Verify the AdBlue level in the tank.
- Check the level sensor for proper functioning.
- AdBlue System Malfunction:
- Retrieve DTCs and research their specific meanings.
- Test the NOx sensors using a multimeter or diagnostic tool.
- Inspect the AdBlue injector for proper spray pattern.
- Incorrect AdBlue Quality:
- Drain a sample of AdBlue and check its quality using a refractometer.
- Replace the AdBlue fluid with a fresh, high-quality solution.
- Crystallization:
- Inspect the AdBlue injector and lines for crystallization.
- Clean or replace any affected components.
- Use specialized cleaning solutions to dissolve the crystals.
- Sensor Failure:
- Use a multimeter to check the resistance and voltage of the sensor.
- Replace the sensor if it does not meet the specified values.
- Pump Failures:
- Listen for the pump activating when the vehicle starts.
- Check the power supply and ground connections to the pump.
- Test the pump’s output pressure using a gauge.
- Clogged Injectors:
- Remove the injector and visually inspect it for blockages.
- Use compressed air to clear minor obstructions.
- Soak the injector in an ultrasonic cleaner with a specialized solvent for stubborn blockages.
- Heater Malfunctions:
- Use a multimeter to check the resistance and voltage of the heater.
- Ensure the thermostat is opening and closing at the correct temperatures.
- Replace any faulty heating elements or thermostats.
- Communication Issues:
- Check the wiring harness for damage or corrosion.
- Use a diagnostic tool to monitor CAN bus communication.
- Ensure all connectors are clean and properly seated.
- Software Glitches:
- Check for software updates for the AdBlue control module.
- Re-flash the module with the latest software version.
- Ensure there are no conflicts with other vehicle systems.
- Pressure Problems:
- Check the pressure sensor readings with a diagnostic tool.
- Inspect the AdBlue lines for leaks or blockages.
- Test the pump’s ability to maintain consistent pressure.
- Level Sensor Errors:
- Verify the accuracy of the level sensor readings with a manual measurement.
- Check the sensor’s wiring for continuity and shorts.
- Clean any debris or contaminants from the sensor.
- Faulty Dosing Valve:
- Perform an actuator test to check the valve’s operation.
- Inspect the valve for mechanical wear or electrical issues.
- Ensure the valve is properly calibrated.
- Air in the System:
- Check for leaks in the AdBlue lines and connections.
- Follow proper filling procedures to minimize air entry.
- Use a vacuum pump to bleed air from the system.
- Contamination from Outside:
- Carefully inspect the AdBlue tank for signs of contamination.
- Drain and flush the system with clean AdBlue fluid.
- Replace any damaged or contaminated components.
- Age-Related Degradation:
- Conduct regular inspections of the AdBlue system’s components.
- Replace parts as needed to maintain optimal performance.
- Consider a comprehensive system overhaul for high-mileage vehicles.
- Aftermarket Modifications:
- Remove any non-approved aftermarket parts.
- Replace them with genuine Mercedes-Benz components.
- Ensure all parts are properly installed and calibrated.
- Electrical Short Circuits:
- Trace the wiring to identify the source of the short circuit.
- Repair or replace damaged wiring and connectors.
- Ensure proper insulation to prevent future shorts.
- Frozen AdBlue Fluid:
- Thaw the AdBlue system in a warm environment.
- Check for damage caused by freezing, such as cracked lines.
- Ensure the heating system is functioning correctly.
- Blocked Filters:
- Locate and inspect the AdBlue filters.
- Replace any blocked filters with new ones.
- Ensure the filter housing is clean and free of debris.
By following these diagnostic procedures, you can accurately identify and address Mercedes Vito AdBlue system issues. CARDIAGTECH.NET provides the tools and resources necessary to perform these diagnostics effectively, ensuring your vehicle operates at its best.
4. Repairing Mercedes Vito AdBlue Systems
Once you’ve diagnosed the problem, the next step is to implement the necessary repairs. Here are some common repairs for Mercedes Vito AdBlue systems:
- AdBlue Tank Refill: Ensure the AdBlue tank is filled with high-quality fluid meeting the ISO 22241 standard.
- AdBlue Injector Replacement: Replace a faulty AdBlue injector to ensure proper AdBlue delivery.
- NOx Sensor Replacement: Replace a malfunctioning NOx sensor to ensure accurate monitoring of NOx levels.
- SCR Catalytic Converter Replacement: Replace a damaged SCR catalytic converter to maintain efficient NOx reduction.
- AdBlue Pump Replacement: Replace a failing AdBlue pump to ensure proper AdBlue flow.
- AdBlue Line Repair: Repair or replace damaged AdBlue lines to prevent leaks and ensure proper fluid delivery.
- Software Update: Update the AdBlue control unit software to address any software-related issues.
5. AdBlue System Maintenance Tips
Preventive maintenance can help avoid many common AdBlue system problems. Follow these tips to keep your Mercedes Vito AdBlue system in top condition:
- Use High-Quality AdBlue: Always use AdBlue that meets the ISO 22241 standard to avoid contamination and ensure proper system function.
- Regularly Check AdBlue Levels: Monitor the AdBlue level and refill the tank as needed to avoid running low.
- Inspect for Leaks: Regularly inspect the AdBlue tank, lines, and injector for any signs of leaks.
- Keep the System Clean: Periodically clean the AdBlue injector and lines to prevent crystallization and blockages.
- Proper Storage: Store AdBlue in a cool, dry place to prevent degradation. According to studies, AdBlue has a shelf life of about 12 months when stored at temperatures up to 86°F (30°C).
- Scheduled Inspections: Schedule regular inspections of the AdBlue system with a qualified technician.
- Avoid Contamination: Use clean funnels and containers when filling AdBlue to prevent contamination.
- Flush the System: If the vehicle is not used for extended periods, consider flushing the AdBlue system to prevent fluid stagnation.
- Monitor for Unusual Noises: Listen for unusual noises from the AdBlue pump, which can indicate a problem.
- Check Electrical Connections: Periodically inspect and clean electrical connections to ensure proper communication between components.
Regular maintenance and timely repairs are essential for keeping your Mercedes Vito AdBlue system functioning correctly. CARDIAGTECH.NET offers a range of diagnostic and repair tools to help you maintain your vehicle’s emission system efficiently.
6. Optimizing Mercedes Vito Performance with CARDIAGTECH.NET
At CARDIAGTECH.NET, we understand the critical role of the AdBlue system in maintaining the performance and environmental compliance of your Mercedes Vito. Our comprehensive range of diagnostic and repair tools is designed to help you address any AdBlue-related issues quickly and effectively.
6.1. Advanced Diagnostic Tools
Our advanced diagnostic tools provide in-depth insights into the AdBlue system, allowing you to accurately identify and diagnose problems.
- DTC Reading and Clearing: Retrieve and clear Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs) to pinpoint specific issues within the AdBlue system.
- Live Data Monitoring: Monitor real-time data from NOx sensors, AdBlue injectors, and other components to identify anomalies and performance issues.
- Actuator Testing: Perform actuator tests to verify the functionality of AdBlue injectors and other critical components.
- Software Updates: Ensure your AdBlue control unit has the latest software to address known issues and improve performance.
6.2. Essential Repair Equipment
CARDIAGTECH.NET offers a wide range of repair equipment to help you address common AdBlue system problems:
- AdBlue Injector Cleaners: Specialized cleaning solutions and equipment to remove crystallization and blockages from AdBlue injectors.
- NOx Sensor Testers: Tools to test the functionality of NOx sensors and ensure accurate readings.
- AdBlue Pump Testers: Equipment to test the output pressure and performance of AdBlue pumps.
- AdBlue Line Repair Kits: Kits to repair or replace damaged AdBlue lines and prevent leaks.
6.3. Expert Support and Training
In addition to our high-quality tools, CARDIAGTECH.NET provides expert support and training to help you effectively diagnose and repair Mercedes Vito AdBlue systems.
- Technical Support: Access to our team of experienced technicians who can provide guidance and support for complex diagnostic and repair procedures.
- Training Programs: Comprehensive training programs to help you stay up-to-date with the latest AdBlue system technologies and repair techniques.
- Online Resources: A wealth of online resources, including technical articles, troubleshooting guides, and video tutorials.
By leveraging CARDIAGTECH.NET’s advanced tools, expert support, and comprehensive training, you can optimize the performance and longevity of your Mercedes Vito AdBlue system.
7. The Future of AdBlue Technology in Mercedes-Benz Vehicles
As environmental regulations become increasingly stringent, AdBlue technology will continue to play a vital role in Mercedes-Benz vehicles. Ongoing research and development efforts are focused on improving the efficiency and reliability of AdBlue systems.
- Improved Sensors: Development of more accurate and durable NOx sensors to provide better feedback to the control unit.
- Advanced Injectors: Design of more efficient AdBlue injectors to ensure precise and consistent AdBlue delivery.
- Enhanced Control Algorithms: Refinement of control algorithms to optimize AdBlue injection and reduce NOx emissions.
- Integration with Hybrid and Electric Vehicles: Exploration of AdBlue technology in hybrid and electric vehicles to further reduce emissions.
Staying informed about the latest advancements in AdBlue technology is crucial for maintaining and repairing Mercedes-Benz vehicles. CARDIAGTECH.NET is committed to providing you with the most up-to-date tools and information to help you stay ahead of the curve.
8. Troubleshooting AdBlue Warning Lights
AdBlue warning lights on your Mercedes Vito dashboard indicate potential issues within the AdBlue system. Understanding these warning lights and knowing how to respond is essential for maintaining your vehicle’s performance and preventing further damage. Here’s a comprehensive guide to troubleshooting AdBlue warning lights:
8.1. Types of AdBlue Warning Lights
There are several types of AdBlue warning lights, each indicating a different level of urgency:
Warning Light | Description | Recommended Action |
---|---|---|
Low AdBlue Level | Indicates that the AdBlue tank is running low and needs to be refilled. | Refill the AdBlue tank as soon as possible. |
AdBlue System Fault | A general warning light indicating an issue within the AdBlue system. | Use a diagnostic tool to retrieve DTCs and diagnose the problem. Contact a qualified technician for repair. |
No Restart After XXX Miles | Indicates that the vehicle will not restart after a certain mileage if the AdBlue system issue is not resolved. | Immediately address the AdBlue system issue to avoid a no-start condition. |
Incorrect AdBlue Quality | The system detects that the AdBlue fluid does not meet the required specifications. | Drain the AdBlue tank and refill with high-quality AdBlue meeting ISO 22241 standards. |
AdBlue Contamination | Indicates that the AdBlue fluid has been contaminated and needs to be replaced. | Drain the AdBlue tank, flush the system, and refill with fresh, high-quality AdBlue. |
SCR System Malfunction | Indicates a problem with the Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) system. | Use a diagnostic tool to retrieve DTCs and diagnose the SCR system. Contact a qualified technician for repair. |
NOx Sensor Fault | Indicates a problem with one or more NOx sensors. | Use a diagnostic tool to identify the faulty NOx sensor and replace it. |
AdBlue Injector Fault | Indicates a problem with the AdBlue injector. | Inspect the AdBlue injector for blockages or damage. Replace the injector if necessary. |
AdBlue Pump Fault | Indicates a problem with the AdBlue pump. | Test the AdBlue pump and replace it if necessary. |
AdBlue Heater Fault | Indicates a problem with the AdBlue heater, which prevents freezing in cold weather. | Test the AdBlue heater and replace it if necessary. |
AdBlue Level Sensor Fault | Indicates a problem with the AdBlue level sensor, which provides inaccurate readings. | Test the AdBlue level sensor and replace it if necessary. |
8.2. Troubleshooting Steps
When an AdBlue warning light appears, follow these troubleshooting steps:
- Check the AdBlue Level: Verify the AdBlue level in the tank. If it’s low, refill the tank with high-quality AdBlue.
- Read Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTCs): Use a diagnostic tool to retrieve any stored DTCs related to the AdBlue system.
- Research the DTCs: Look up the specific meanings of the DTCs to understand the potential issues.
- Inspect the AdBlue System: Perform a visual inspection of the AdBlue tank, lines, and injector for any signs of leaks, damage, or crystallization.
- Test the Components: Use a multimeter or diagnostic tool to test the functionality of the NOx sensors, AdBlue injector, and other components.
- Perform Actuator Tests: Use a diagnostic tool to perform actuator tests on the AdBlue injector and other actuators.
- Repair or Replace Faulty Components: Based on the diagnostic results, repair or replace any faulty components.
- Clear the DTCs: After completing the repairs, clear the DTCs and re-check the system.
- Test Drive the Vehicle: Take the vehicle for a test drive to ensure the AdBlue warning light does not reappear.
8.3. Common Scenarios and Solutions
Here are some common scenarios involving AdBlue warning lights and their solutions:
- Low AdBlue Level Warning Light:
- Scenario: The AdBlue level is low.
- Solution: Refill the AdBlue tank with high-quality AdBlue.
- AdBlue System Fault Warning Light:
- Scenario: The AdBlue system has a general fault.
- Solution: Use a diagnostic tool to retrieve DTCs and diagnose the specific problem.
- No Restart After XXX Miles Warning Light:
- Scenario: The vehicle will not restart after a certain mileage if the AdBlue system issue is not resolved.
- Solution: Immediately address the AdBlue system issue to avoid a no-start condition.
- Incorrect AdBlue Quality Warning Light:
- Scenario: The AdBlue fluid does not meet the required specifications.
- Solution: Drain the AdBlue tank and refill with high-quality AdBlue meeting ISO 22241 standards.
- NOx Sensor Fault Warning Light:
- Scenario: A NOx sensor has failed.
- Solution: Use a diagnostic tool to identify the faulty NOx sensor and replace it.
- AdBlue Injector Fault Warning Light:
- Scenario: The AdBlue injector is blocked or damaged.
- Solution: Inspect the AdBlue injector for blockages or damage. Replace the injector if necessary.
- AdBlue Pump Fault Warning Light:
- Scenario: The AdBlue pump has failed.
- Solution: Test the AdBlue pump and replace it if necessary.
By following these troubleshooting steps and understanding common scenarios, you can effectively address AdBlue warning lights on your Mercedes Vito dashboard and maintain your vehicle’s performance.
9. The Importance of Using Quality AdBlue
Using high-quality AdBlue is crucial for the optimal performance and longevity of your Mercedes Vito’s AdBlue system. Poor-quality AdBlue can lead to a variety of problems, including:
- Crystallization: Low-quality AdBlue may contain impurities that can cause crystallization in the AdBlue injector and lines, leading to blockages and reduced performance.
- Contamination: Impurities in low-quality AdBlue can contaminate the AdBlue system, causing damage to the NOx sensors and SCR catalytic converter.
- Reduced Efficiency: Low-quality AdBlue may not effectively reduce NOx emissions, leading to reduced efficiency and potential environmental consequences.
- System Damage: Over time, the use of low-quality AdBlue can cause significant damage to the AdBlue system, resulting in costly repairs.
To ensure the proper functioning of your Mercedes Vito’s AdBlue system, always use AdBlue that meets the ISO 22241 standard. This standard specifies the quality requirements for AdBlue, ensuring that it is free from impurities and meets the necessary performance criteria.
10. Contact CARDIAGTECH.NET for Expert Assistance
If you’re experiencing issues with your Mercedes Vito AdBlue system, don’t hesitate to contact CARDIAGTECH.NET for expert assistance. Our team of experienced technicians can provide guidance and support to help you diagnose and repair any AdBlue-related problems.
We offer a wide range of services, including:
- Diagnostic Services: Accurate diagnosis of AdBlue system issues using advanced diagnostic tools.
- Repair Services: Expert repair of AdBlue system components, including AdBlue injectors, NOx sensors, and SCR catalytic converters.
- Maintenance Services: Preventive maintenance services to keep your AdBlue system in top condition.
- Technical Support: Access to our team of experienced technicians who can provide guidance and support for complex diagnostic and repair procedures.
Contact us today at 276 Reock St, City of Orange, NJ 07050, United States or Whatsapp: +1 (641) 206-8880 or visit our website at CARDIAGTECH.NET for all your Mercedes Vito AdBlue system needs. Let CARDIAGTECH.NET help you maintain the performance and environmental compliance of your vehicle.
FAQ: Mercedes Vito AdBlue System
- What is AdBlue?
- AdBlue is a non-toxic solution of urea and deionized water used in diesel vehicles to reduce NOx emissions.
- How does AdBlue work?
- AdBlue is injected into the exhaust system, where it reacts with NOx in the catalytic converter, converting it into harmless nitrogen and water.
- Where can I buy AdBlue for my Mercedes Vito?
- You can purchase AdBlue at most auto parts stores, gas stations, and Mercedes-Benz dealerships.
- How often do I need to refill the AdBlue tank?
- The frequency of AdBlue refills depends on your driving habits and vehicle usage. Check your vehicle’s manual for specific recommendations.
- What happens if I run out of AdBlue?
- Some vehicles may enter a reduced power mode or prevent starting if the AdBlue tank is empty.
- Can I use any type of AdBlue in my Mercedes Vito?
- Always use AdBlue that meets the ISO 22241 standard to ensure proper system function and avoid damage.
- How do I check the AdBlue level in my Mercedes Vito?
- Check your vehicle’s instrument cluster or onboard computer for AdBlue level information.
- What should I do if the AdBlue warning light comes on?
- Refill the AdBlue tank as soon as possible and check for any other potential issues.
- Can I add water to the AdBlue tank?
- Never add water to the AdBlue tank. Only use high-quality AdBlue that meets the ISO 22241 standard.
- Where is the AdBlue tank located in my Mercedes Vito?
- The AdBlue tank location varies depending on the model year. Consult your vehicle’s manual for specific information.
By understanding the Mercedes Vito AdBlue system and following these maintenance tips, you can ensure your vehicle operates efficiently and meets environmental standards. Contact CARDIAGTECH.NET for all your diagnostic and repair needs.
Navigating the complexities of the Mercedes Vito AdBlue system doesn’t have to be daunting. With the right knowledge, tools, and support, you can ensure your vehicle operates efficiently, reduces emissions, and complies with environmental standards. Remember, CARDIAGTECH.NET is your trusted partner in maintaining and optimizing your Mercedes Vito’s AdBlue system. Contact us today to explore our range of diagnostic tools, repair equipment, and expert services. Let us help you keep your vehicle running smoothly and sustainably. Are you ready to enhance your Mercedes Vito’s performance and ensure environmental compliance? Reach out to CARDIAGTECH.NET now for a consultation on our diagnostic and repair solutions.